Improving re-sampling detection by adding noise

L. Nataraj, A. Sarkar and B. S. Manjunath,
Vision Research Lab,
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
University of California, Santa Barbara,
CA 93106

Abstract

Current image re-sampling detectors can reliably detect re-sampling in JPEG images only up to a Quality Factor (QF) of 95 or higher. At lower QFs, periodic JPEG blocking artifacts interfere with periodic patterns of re-sampling. We add a controlled amount of noise to the image before the re-sampling detection step. Adding noise suppresses the JPEG artifacts while the periodic patterns due to re-sampling are partially retained. JPEG images of QF range 75-90 are considered. Gaussian/Uniform noise in the range of 28-24 dB is added to the image and the images thus formed are passed to the re-sampling detector. The detector outputs are averaged to get a final output from which re-sampling can be detected even at lower QFs. We consider two re-sampling detectors - one proposed by Poposcu and Farid 1, which works well on uncompressed and mildly compressed JPEG images and the other by Gallagher 2, which is robust on JPEG images but can detect only scaled images. For multiple re-sampling operations (rotation, scaling, etc) we show that the order of re-sampling matters. If the final operation is up-scaling, it can still be detected even at very low QFs.
[PDF] [BibTex]
L. Nataraj, A. Sarkar and B. S. Manjunath,
Proceedings of SPIE, 2010, Media Forensics and Security, vol. 7541, pp. 75410I-75410I-11, Jan. 2010.
Node ID: 538 , DB ID: 345 , Lab: VRL , Target: Conference
Subject: [Digital Watermarking and Data Hiding] « Look up more