VRL an eye

Robustness against attacks

Image Tampering

All the 6192 hidden bits are recovered successfully after the composite image has been tampered as shown below.

AWGN Attack

6301 hidden bits hidden against an additive noise (SNR = 15dB).

Wavelet-based Compression (JPEG 2000)

7,446 bits hidden against 0.8 bpp wavelet compression.